Social Stories with Children with Autism Essay - 1784 Words

Information Communication Technology (ICT) is essential in classrooms for producing significant improvements in children’s reading ability (identification of letters, words, and sentences) in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Research conducted by Hagiwara Smith Myles (1999) their conclusion was that visual cues used to explain social stories help children to understand the meaning behind the text. Howley and Arnold (2005) reflect the way in which a Social Story presented may be key to the success of the intervention used in improving literacy in children with Autism. For younger children, having the freedom to explore and reflect on the effectiveness of their actions through a combination of sensory and cognitive processing,†¦show more content†¦Results from Moore Calverts computer program survey indicated that the ICT driven programs obtained a higher program satisfaction than the teacher-led group. Students are seen as more attentive and focused on ta sks (Moore Calvert, 2000). Children demonstrated and communicated a higher level of vocabulary. Heimann, Nelson, Tjus, and Gillberg (1995) investigated the use of an interactive computer program a typical group gained, on all their standardized measures from pre to post testing also made further improvements at follow-up testing. The ASD group surveyed displayed significant improvements in reading ability recognition of letters, words, and sentences. ICT highlights as a tool for communication and inclusion for children with disabilities, but it appears that implementation of technology in children’s everyday life in school is tough, Brodin (2012). Computer and internet technology also encourages an individual to be an active agent in his or her education by directly manipulating and progressing through the intervention programs (Williams, Wright, Callaghan, Coughlan, 2002). Technology offers to the possibility of personalising stories by facilitating the use of visual image s, animatedShow MoreRelatedHow Autism Spectrum Disorder Affects Students Reading Comprehension1261 Words   |  6 PagesAlexandra Perry SPED 3005-001 Dr. Stacy Weiss December 11, 2015 How Autism Spectrum Disorder Affects Students Reading Comprehension Autism affects 1 in every 110 children today (NICHCY, 2010). This statistic reveals a considerably large ratio of children and adults who have Autism. In society, everyone is diverse and unique in his or her own way. These differences are apparent in appearance, interest, and abilities. Differences are what shapes individuals into who they are, and who they want toRead MoreThe Pros And Treatments Of Autism1324 Words   |  6 PagesPrimary Research: Autism Spectrum Disorder has a wide variety of treatment choices. There is not a single treatment that will cure ASD, but there are many therapies that can be used to help the symptoms of ASD. Above are multiple different therapies that experts have conducted research on. Interviews of educators in the field of special education and surveys answered by the general public were conducted to gather information regarding ASD knowledge and therapies. Educators informed about evenRead MoreAutism Spectrum Disorders Are Not Rare1369 Words   |  6 PagesAutism Spectrum Disorders are Not Rare Are you concerned that your child may suffer an Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)? Science studies now suggest prevalence rates at a minimum of one in 100. These statistics suggest that 3% of the population is affected (Yates Couteur, 2013). This article autism, defines provides some of the characteristics to look for in a 5-12 year old, how to obtain assistance, who may be involved in the intervention process, and a treatment technique that focuses specificallyRead MoreSocial Stories As An Intervention Model1510 Words   |  7 Pages Social Stories as an Intervention Model Rachel Gottlieb Dr. Reuterskià ¶ld January Intersession 2015 Social Stories as an Intervention Model Researchers have focused on studies evaluating the usefulness of various autism intervention models to improve intervention with individuals on the autism spectrum. Newer models aiming to teach these individuals various communication skills have emerged, but the lack of experimentation has researchers questioning their overall effectiveness. A largeRead MoreChildren With High Functioning Asd ( Hfasd )1378 Words   |  6 PagesChildren with high-functioning ASD (HFASD) demonstrate difficulty initiating and maintaining conversations, deciphering how others feel from nonverbal cues, interpreting the intentions of others, asking/responding to questions, and interacting in games or other activities (Bray et al., 2010). Children with HFASD may appear insensitive, and self-centered, or socially disinterested (Waugh Peskin, 2015); and typically demonstrate average cognitive abilities, yet have significant social deficits (DeRosierRead MoreChildren With A Child With Autism1365 Words   |  6 PagesChildren with autism tend to have their ability to comprehend spoken language overestimated more than any other child with a disability (Miniscalco, 2011). Many children may be able to express language, but their ability to process spoken language is lacking. It is important not to assume they understand and comprehend spoken language especially when it comes to school performance. In the school and home, adults can mistake lack of comprehension for noncompliance. That is when a child with autismRead MoreChildren With High Functioning Asd ( Hfasd )1315 Words   |  6 PagesLiterature Children with high-functioning ASD (HFASD) demonstrate difficulty initiating and maintaining conversations, deciphering how others feel from nonverbal cues, interpreting the intentions of others, asking/responding to questions, and interacting in games or other activities (Bray et al., 2010). Children with HFASD may appear insensitive, and self-centered, or socially disinterested (Waugh Peskin, 2015); and typically demonstrate average cognitive abilities, yet have significant social deficitsRead MoreEffects Of Teaching Play Strategies On Social Interaction For A Child With Autism940 Words   |  4 PagesPlay Strategies on Social Interaction for a Child with Autism: A Case Study. Journal of Research in Childhood Education, 18(2), 125-140. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/203884415?accountid=11920. Researchers used twelve children with different disabilities and children that are your typical developing child. They used a preschool classroom to conduct their research and looked at one child in particular named, Jay. Jay has been diagnosed with autism. For the study, theyRead MoreSocial And Social Of Young Adults With Autism Disorders Essay708 Words   |  3 Pagesaddress social storiesTM for young adults with autism disorders. (Karayazi et. al, 2001, p.126) As a result of that discovery, the researcher studied the effects of using social stories with a young woman with Autism Spectrum Disorder to increase pro-social behavior: nose- cleaning and appropriate greetings. (Karayazi et. al, 2001, pg. 126) Social stories are illustrations that encourages pro-social behavior to individual with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Previous studies examined the use of social storiesRead MorePervasive Development or Autistic Spectrum Disorders Essay1056 Words   |  5 Pagesadolescence that a re characterized by distortions in the development of the basic psychological functions such as language, social skills, attention, perception, reality testing, and movement. http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/pervasivedevelopmentaldisorder Pervasive developmental disorder was first used in the 1980’s to describe this class of neurological disorders that can impair social and communication skills and repetitive behaviors. PDD itself is not actually a disorder. It’s a description.

The Immigration Of Asian American Immigrants Essay

Around the mid-19th to the 20th century, myriads of immigrants flocked to the U.S. seeking better job opportunities,or searching for religious freedom. U.S. citizens were fearful, envious, and willing to exclude immigrants who came to the US as they were viewed as an economic threat to the society. They believed that these immigrants were racially, morally and intellectually inferior to them and as such did not see or treat as their equals. These dysfunctions lead to severe and harsh treatment of immigrants. Historically, the three major immigrant groups that faced the most discrimination during this era were the Asians, German, and the Irish. American citizen’s fear of job secureness led to the resentment and discriminatory treatment towards Asian Immigrants. They believed that the majority of the Asian American immigrants were taking too many of their jobs. As such, the U.S. government decided that it would be necessary to restrict the amount of Asian Americans, in order to keep the U.S. citizens from being unemployed. The U.S. government passed numerous laws, banning Asian American immigrants from the United States. One distinct law that they passed was the 1922 Cable Act, this law â€Å"stripped a female citizen of citizenship, if she married an alien unable to become a citizen.†(Lutz 7).The law was basically passed to prevent Asian immigrants from obtaining citizenship by marrying a female U.S citizen.In fact, the government believed that female citizens that engaged in thisShow MoreRelatedUnderstanding Americans Perspective Toward Immigration Essay1362 Words   |  6 PagesUnderstanding Americans’ Perspective toward Immigration Introduction It is no astonishingly to observe that the American population has increased enormously in the last fifteen years. Nevertheless, the massive population growth has occurred due to the arrival of immigrants at a large scale. The Pew Hispanic Center published that from 2005 to 2015, immigrants and their offspring born in the America contributed 45 percent to its total population growth. Within this group of immigrants, Latino immigrants constitutedRead MoreTheu.s. Immigration And Nationality Act Of 1965925 Words   |  4 PagesThe U.S. Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965, also known as Hart-Cellar Act, represents the most significant period in the history of Asian Americans. Decades of continuous exclusion and racist immigration policies, came to an end with the adoption of the Act, which resulted in unprecedented flows of immigrants from Asia, Mexico, Latin America, and other countries immigrating to U.S. Most influential proved to be the Civil Rights movement of the 1960s, which brought national and internationalRead MoreJerry Trinidad . Professor Tuyay . Asian-American History .1659 Words   |  7 PagesJerry Trinidad   Professor Tuyay   Asian-American History   April 1, 2017      Angel Island and Ellis Island        The United States was founded on the principle that all men are created equal, but during an immigration boom in the late 1890s and early 1900s, Asians and Europeans faced discrimination and violence because of their difference in language, appearance, and religion. People came to America from all over the world to experience the wealth and prosperity that was associated with this great countryRead MoreThe Alien Land Law ( 1913 )893 Words   |  4 Pages(1866-1945, Gov. 1911-1917) which directed that Foreign Aliens and immigrants were ineligible for citizenship and by extension restricted from leasing and owning land. While not explicitly discriminatory towards a particular group, the intention and focus of the law was directed at Chinese and Japanese immigrants in the United States who faced increasingly anti-Asian sentiment in most western American states. While ultimately Japanese-American persons utilized a range of legal means to circumvent the landRead MoreThe Effects Of N ativism1490 Words   |  6 Pagespeople to immigrate to the United States. For immigrants, the U.S. represented the American Dream; an ideal that anyone can achieve success through hard work and determination. But what did the American Dream for immigrants mean for the future of everyday Americans? How would the influx of Chinese immigrants affect their opportunity, their American Dream? As a result of concerns such as these, the belief in Nativism became strongly held by the American people, which was commonly showcased throughRead MoreThe Immigrants On The East And West Coast941 Words   |  4 PagesEllis Island and Angel Island were the dominant ports of entry for the ‘new’ immigrants on the East and West coast. Both immigration stations had certain similarities in how they operated, such as the conducting of medical examinations on immigrants for health or mental deficiencies, and also in their ability to generate the fear of deportation in newly arriving immigran ts. Despite this, Ellis Island and Angel Island were shown to differ significantly in many other aspects within the stations, suchRead MoreThe Polish s New Prosperity1536 Words   |  7 Pagesof their skin or the language they speak they have the right to coexist. Immigrants from all around the world have come to one great nation to live the dream. America was founded by immigrants which today are now naturalized citizens by birth and that have several generations of families. The American population will always continue to grow not with the naturalized births but with the arrival of immigrants. â€Å"Immigrant communities in the first half of the twentieth century were marked by increasingRead MoreEssay on Guarding the Golden Door1551 Words   |  7 PagesAmerican immigration history is the story of bonded, free, and enslaved migrant labor. Immigration to a settler society advances resource extraction and economic development. Extracting agricultural products and natural resources from land can Require forced labor. Over the last 30 years the United States has been turning once again into a nation of immigrants. Roger Daniels is especially sensitive to the role of race and ethnicity in shaping American immigration policy. Daniel provides an expertRead MoreImmigration Has An Immense Impact On Our Nation s History935 Words   |  4 PagesThroughout American history, immigration has had an immense impact on our nation’s history. At some point in our lives, one of our ancestors immigrated to America. During the 19th century many Europeans came on a ship to Ellis Island in the hopes of having a better life in America. Nowadays people are crossing borders illegally, but the thing that hasn’t changed is the hope of a better life in America. People from different countries see America as the land of opportunity and are in search of theRead MoreThe Attitudes Of Minority And Immigration929 Words   |  4 PagesFor my investigative assignment on the conceptions of mino rity and immigration, I have interviewed three people whom I interviewed separately for better and credible results. They are all Asian Americans and two of them are American born and one of them is a foreign born but has a permanent resident status. When I asked them what they think when they hear the word â€Å"minority,† all three of my interviewees answered as groups of people who are not white. Though one interviewee, whom I will address as

Environmental Impacts On The Business Activities †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Environmental Impacts On The Business Activities. Answer: Introduction Global warming is one of the most severe and rigorous issues which is negatively impacting the entire global world. The continuously rising emissions of the greenhouse gases are posing a great threat of irreversible consequences. To manage and overcome the threat of global warming, there is a need to have a shared effort that holds involvement of businesses as well as government at the primary stage (Epstein and Buhovac, 2014). The paper will weigh upon the government interventions and well as upon the business practices in order to correct or at least minimize the dangerous environmental impacts of the business activities. Responses to climate change by government and business The business activities as well as the global warming have a huge impact upon the climate and that result in extreme climate change. The various data and reports pointed the production and manufacturing processes of the businesses as the key participant behind the climate change and environmental disruption. But on the other hand there are several initiatives and practices initiated by these businesses as well as the governments to mitigate the negative impacts of these climatic change conditions (Lyons, Westoby and Nel, 2017). The businesses and the government have started implementing the clean technologies in order to mitigate the negative impacts of climate change. There are five key segments on which there is key focus and intervention of the businesses and the government to mitigate the impacts of global warming and climate change. These five factors comprises of sustainability reporting, waste minimization and conversion of waste into energy, water recycling, renewable energy and energy efficiency and awareness regarding climate change (Lewis, et al., 2017). There is a vital intervention of Government in mitigating the risks such as to overcome the climatic change, the Government on a continuous basis have campaigns where the members receive adequate training to take use of the technologies developed for the climate change mitigation as well as make them aware regarding the low carbon pathways which can be used by the organizations and the individuals for managing their business operations. Other business and government interventions to have sustainable reporting where all the companies are required to have proper reporting regarding the impacts posed on the sustainability of the environment. There are also strong initiatives taken by the government in order to attain energy efficiency as well as maximum use of renewable energy. UNFCC i.e. The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change has been established to accomplish the key objective of saving and preventing the environment from the hazardous anthropogenic interference (Am ran, ET AL., 2016). For this, there is an initiative of stabilizing the Greenhouse Gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a particular level where there can be easy adaptation by the ecosystems to the climate changes in a natural manner. With such stabilizer there is no threat to the food production as well as there can also be proceeded the economic development in a sustainable way. Another key intervention of the Government to mitigate climate change impact is by providing implicit price of carbon so that there can be develop incentives for the manufactures and the producers and thus the consumers can have their interest in buying the products which are made up of low-GHG. The policies developed for this purpose comprises of government regulation, funding and economic instruments. Therefore with such initiative of government regarding effective carbon-price may result in mitigation potential among all the industrial sectors (Hulme, 2014). The other contributions and initiatives of Government includes standard setting, tax credits, financial contributions and market creation as it is significant for deployment, innovation and technology development in order to have sustain business operations. With the help of Clean Development Mechanism Projects there must be financial flows to various developing nations where due to lack of investments have production of those products that are high in GHG emissions (Aghion, et al., 2014). Once the government invests an increased amount of capital in Research and Development, there can be achieved better access to the innovative practices for mitigating the impacts of global warming and climate change. There are positive impacts of the government interventions as well as the business practices on the mitigation of the impacts of global warming and climate change (Konrad and Thum, 2014). But still there are left loop holes that show that there is still an extensive need to manage the aftermaths of these climate changes and global warming issue as there are various regions that are suffering much from the negative implications of these factors across the globe. The businesses are required to have much consideration regarding the selection of manufacturing processes and procedures as well as work upon energy efficient tools and renewable energy sources so atht there is no wastage of energy and also have reduced GHG emissions. The Governments are also required to pay adequate subsidies to the small scale business organisations so that they can also have efficient use of renewable energy processes and can save the environment from getting unsustainable (Sullivan, 2017). Conclusion From this paper, it can be concluded that there are extreme threats of global warming and climate changes that is slowly and gradually killing the sustainability of the environment as well as posing immense threats on the lives of the masses. But the businesses and the governments are taking potential initiatives to overcome the threat of these climate changes. Thus, it can be concluded that with the initiatives and innovative steps as discussed in the paper, there can be attained correction or minimization of such environmental issues. Thus, it is stated that with the shared efforts of the businesses and strong initiatives of Government there can be positive signs in minimizing the impacts of climate change and for overcoming the nations from the impacts of global warming. References Aghion, P., Hepburn, C., Teytelboym, A. and Zenghelis, D., 2014. Path dependence, innovation and the economics of climate change.Centre for Climate Change Economics and Policy/Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment Policy Paper Contributing paper to New Climate Economy. Amran, A., Ooi, S.K., Wong, C.Y. and Hashim, F., 2016. Business strategy for climate change: an ASEAN perspective.Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management,23(4), pp.213-227. Epstein, M.J. and Buhovac, A.R., 2014.Making sustainability work: Best practices in managing and measuring corporate social, environmental, and economic impacts. Berrett-Koehler Publishers. Hulme, M., 2014.Can science fix climate change Management?: a case against climate engineering. John Wiley Sons. Konrad, K.A. and Thum, M., 2014. The role of economic policy in climate change adaptation.CESifo Economic Studies,60(1), pp.32-61. Lewis, H., Gertsakis, J., Grant, T., Morelli, N. and Sweatman, A., 2017.Design+ environment: a global guide to designing greener goods. Routledge. Lyons, K., Westoby, P. and Nel, A., 2017. Reforming global carbon markets or re-imagining alternative climate solutions and sustainabilities? An analysis of selected NGO strategies in Uganda.Journal of Political Ecology,24, pp.324-341. Sullivan, R., 2017.Corporate responses to climate change: Achieving emissions reductions through regulation, self-regulation and economic incentives. Routledge.

Oklahoma City Bombing free essay sample

This started a big government investigation. The bombing was quickly solved, but the investigation turned out to be one of the most exhaustive in FBI history. By the time it was over, the Bureau had conducted more than 28,000 interviews, followed some 43,000 investigative leads, amassed three-and-a-half tons of evidence, and reviewed nearly a billion pieces of information. In the end, the government that McVeigh hated and hoped to topple swiftly captured him and convincingly convicted both him and his co-conspirators. This was a great day for the government and the American people. At 9:45 am, minutes after the Oklahoma City bombing Governor Frank Keating declared a state of emergency and ordered all non-essential workers in the Oklahoma City area to be released from their duties for their safety. President Bill Clinton was the president at this time and was in a meeting when he learned about the bombing; he then addressed the nation of the tragedy that had occurred. President Clinton wanted to ground all planes in the Oklahoma City area to prevent the bombers from escaping by air, but decided against it; President Clinton declared a federal emergency in Oklahoma City to help the victims. The bombing in Oklahoma City was an attack on innocent children and defenseless citizens. It was an act of cowardice and it was evil. The United States will not tolerate it, and he will not allow the people of this country to be intimidated by evil cowards. He ordered that flags for all federal buildings be flown at half-staff for 30 days in remembrance of the victims. Four days later, on April 23, 1995, Clinton spoke from Oklahoma City. No major federal financial assistance was given to the survivors of the Oklahoma City bombing, but the Murrah Fund set up in the wake of the bombing attracted over $300,000 in federal grants. Over $40 million was donated to the city to aid disaster relief and to compensate the victims. Funds were initially distributed to families who needed it to get back on their feet, and the rest was held in trust for longer-term medical and psychological needs. By 2005, $18 million of the donations remained, some of which was earmarked to provide a college education for each of the 219 children who lost one or both parents in the bombing (Terror Hits Home: The Oklahoma City Bombing). Although all of these things where made available to the survivors, nothing and change the pain the victims felt and the everlasting pain of the families that lost love ones. The U. S. government mounted a massive manhunt for Islamic terrorists. Three Arabs were supposedly seen fleeing the scene. Cable news shows, fed by tips from a former CIA official, reported that the bombing may have been the work of Saddam Hussein. The FBI had no doubt have been looking for suspicious Arab (Oklahoma City Bombing’s Unanswered Questions in New Book). Prosecutor Joseph Hartzler asked Timothy McVeigh if he knew that the bomb would cause a lot of deaths. Timothy stated that he considered all those people to be as if they were the storm troopers in the movie Star Wars. They may be individually innocent; but because they are part of the evil empire, they were they were guilty by association (Famous Trials Oklahoma City Bombing Trial ) I find this very alarming he had no heart for the children that he killed, totaling in 168 people lost their lives for the poor decision that he made. He had no heart for the innocent people that he kill for the hate he had towards the government. After over twenty-three hours of deliberation, the jury returned its verdict: guilty on all eleven counts. McVeigh sat expressionless at the defense table as the verdict was read. The jury listened to evidence in the penalty phase of the trial, with McVeighs life hanging in the balance. Stories of the victims sounded throughout the court. Doctors spoke of legs and arms being torn from the victims bodies. Wives told of husbands who would never see their children graduate or get married. Firefighters told of the nightmares they had seen. Police officers described finding dead babies in what was once the econd-floor daycare center at the Murrah Building. The last two witnesses were his divorced parents, Bill and Mickey McVeigh. Mickey cried as she read a statement she had composed the previous night. She told jurors that Tim was a child any mother could be proud of; I still to this day cannot believe he would have caused this devastation (Famous Trials Oklahoma City Bombing Trial ). For two days, the jury where debating on guilty or not guilty. The decision was then announced that death would be the sentence for the heinous crime that he had commented. Two months later, McVeigh returned to court to hear the formal pronouncement of his sentence. After Mc Veigh’s sentence was announced, he was then asked if he had anything to say. McVeigh then quoted from a 1928 dissenting opinion by Supreme Court Justice Louis Brandeis: Our government is the potent, the omnipresent teacher. For good or ill, it teaches the whole people by its example. I wonder what his intentions were when stating this message. Mc Veigh was then transport to Florence, Colorado, the site of a federal prison known as Supermax† to spend the rest of his life. After this McVeigh for appeal, than later in December 2000, McVeigh asked a federal judge to stop all appeals of his convictions and to set a date for his execution(Oklahoma City Bombing: McVeigh and Nichols Sentenced). Mc Veigh was given a fair trial by the government; just like anyone else although he didn’t give the innocent lives he had taken the same opportunity. The government had already had laws made against this crime which was called â€Å"man slander† and this was taken into account when prosecuting Mc Veigh. I believe that government handled this crime as firm as possible. The government really did their research to build this case; they didn’t leave out any details of the day at hand. Because of their hard work they got a murder off the streets. During the time for the jury to be selected McVeigh believed that there was jury misconduct. McVeigh contended that one of the jurors committed misconduct by deciding his guilt before the case was submitted to the jury. I don’t believe that this was true at all; McVeigh was trying to drag out the process. McVeigh even tried to get retired for this crime, as if he had been wrong in the trail. I believe that all evidence has been presented correctly in court and true fully, some of the evidences were based on a video that caught McVeigh leaving the Ryder truck. When everything came to light and got the attention of the citizens, American’s found out that the Oklahoma City bombing was a retaliation of on the killing of David Koresh and 76 others including two pregnant women and over twenty children in the famous â€Å"Waco siege† of 1993, the government became cognizant of the fact that fringe elements existed in the country that could potentially seek to attack it in response to any controversial actions that it might make. This, together with the threat of foreign sponsored terrorism, initiated a process of securing and protecting government facilities that received new impetus after the 9/11 attacks and continues until this day and is a continuing impact of that terrible day in American history(The continuing impact of the Oklahoma City bombing). The Oklahoma City bombing has impacted our society because it was politicized by the President of the United States, Bill Clinton at the time of the bombing. It’s been many years later and the people that where harm from this ordeal is still in pain from the change that this made to their lives. I had the opportunity to speak with a woman who lost her mother in this ordeal. She described details of her mother such as height, skin color, and the hair style she would wear. Her mother had been missing for days and no one knew of her where a bout’s, at the time of her mother’s disappearances the woman was 17 years of age and her younger brother was 9. She and her family had thought her mother had gone out of town, but this was not the case. Her mother’s body was one of the last to be found in the rubble at the end of the search and rescue mission. She spoke of the gruesome seen she saw, of her mother deteriorating body. I can’t imagine the pain she and her family must have felt at the time they had received the news; and to instantly know that you where now homeless and would never see your parent again, would have left me breathless. As she told the story to me I could she see the pain she felt, her mother was taken from her a young age when she needed her most. Although this woman suffered a lot of pain at a young age, I know that God is still with her and will bring her through. She is now a mother of two young girls and she is trying her best to do what she can for them, because she knows how important it is to have a mother and not everyday is promised. In conclusion, I have learned a lot while doing this assignment. This assignment has given me a two sided view of how the government works, and also how a mass murder didn’t think his plan out very well. I’m happy to see how the government reacted fast in this case and put the victim’s families and America at ease. I hope that nothing like this would ever happen again. My heart goes out to the families that lost love ones on that April day. This horrible thing happened when I was five years old and I still remember the ground shaking in Tulsa Oklahoma, by Oklahoma City exit. I was shocked when I found out what had happened, even at a young age I was still very sadden for the children that lost their lives. Works Cited Terror Hits Home: The Oklahoma City Bombing. Famous Cases amp; Criminals. FBI. Web. 5 May 2013. lt;http://www. fbi. gov/about-us/history/famous-cases/oklahoma-city-bombinggt;. Oklahoma City Bombing’s Unanswered Questions in New Book. . The Daily Beast . Web. 5 May 2013. lt;http://www. thedailybeast. om/articles/2012/04/18/oklahoma-city-bombing-s-unanswered-questions-in-new-book. htmlgt;. Famous Trials Oklahoma City Bombing Trial . . N. p. , n. d. Web. 6 May 2013. lt;http://law2. umkc. edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/mcveigh/mcveightrial. htmlgt;. The continuing impact of the Oklahoma City bombing. Helium. N. p.. Web. 9 May 2013. lt;http://www. helium. com/items/1809275-the-continuing-impact-of-the- oklahoma-city-bombinggt;. Oklahoma City Bombing: McVeigh and Nichols Sentenced. Oklahoma City Bombing. N. p.. Web. 11 May 2013. lt;http://www. history. com/topics/oklahoma-city-bombinggt;.

The Use Of Symbolism In Their Eyes free essay sample

Were Watching God Essay, Research Paper How symbolism is used in Their Eyess Were Watching God Zora Neale Hurston uses symbolism to heighten word picture in her novel, Their Eyess Were Watching God, and symbolism is portrayed through the heroine of the novel, Janie Crawford. Three uses of symbolism are through Janie s hair, the shop porch, and the pear tree. The manner Janie wears her hair expresses her degree of freedom. The male characters of Eatonville gather exterior on the shop porch to discourse and socialise. The pear tree expresses Janie s emotional province. Furthermore, symbolism plays a important function in the novel by being expressed through the characters. Janie s hair symbolizes her freedom. When she wears her hair up, she is being controlled, and yet when Janie wear her hair down, she is no longer under the absolutism of Joe Starks. This concern of the head-rag irked her infinitely. We will write a custom essay sample on The Use Of Symbolism In Their Eyes or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page But Jody was set on it. Her hair was NOT traveling to demo in the shop ( 55 ) . This enhances Janie s character by demoing that something every bit simple as the manner she wears her hair affects the manner she reacts and expresses herself. When Janie s hair is up in the head-rag, she loses her voice. On the contrary, one time she lets her hair free, Janie regains her voice and is no longer contained within herself. The Store porch is the chief assemblage topographic point in Eatonville, and the people go at that place to purchase their food markets, chitchat, and socialise. When the people sat around on the porch and passed around the images of their ideas for the others to look at and see, it was nice ( 54 ) . Janie is unable to take portion in T he male-only treatments on the porch, yet she enjoys listening to them. The shop is the centre of societal life in Eatonville. In other words, the town s societal clip revolved around the shop porch. The pear tree symbolizes Janie s gender and emotional province. When Janie is being loved and/or is in a happy and joyful temper, the tree flowers within her. When she is being abused and is unhappy, the tree interior of her Begins to shrivel. Hurston writes, The vision of Logan Killicks was profaning the pear tree ( 13 ) . The pear tree symbolizes how Janie is experiencing on the interior, the pear tree is she. Whether the pear tree is blooming from felicity or shriveling from sorrow, the tree reflects Janie # 8217 ; s emotions. This enhances Janie s character by demoing that she can hold a universe of her ain on the interior, and non allow it be revealed on the exterior. Hurston states, It called her to come and stare on a enigma Ohio to be a pear tree- any tree in bloom ( 10-11 ) ! Harmonizing to literary Critic, Cynthia Bond, Janie internalizes the image of the pear tree, utilizing it over and over once more to calculate her life ( Bond ) . Above all, Janie, like the pear tree, to the full blooms when Tea Cake is brought into her life. Symbolism enhances word picture in Hurston s Their Eyess Were Watching God. By the manner Janie wears her hair, the manner states whether she has the freedom of her voice or non. The shop porch is a really popular topographic point for the males to garner in Eatonville to purchase food markets and discuss personal businesss. The pear tree is an look of Janie and her internal emotions. Symbolism is displayed good throughout the novel to heighten word picture.

Persuasion essays

Persuasion essays Karen Casey once said that truly loving another means letting go of all expectations. It means full acceptance, even celebration of anothers personhood. In Jane Austens early nineteenth century novel, Persuasion, Austen depicts a simplistic story about love and anticipation. Persuasion is one of Austens most romantic books, but it is also her last novel. Jane Austen was in her last few years because of an illness within her. While writing Persuasion, Austen attempts to show to the world her growth as a writer and as a person. She has matured and accepted her fate. Different emotions can cause positive or negative reactions and consequences. Love engenders maturity. Love is defined in many ways. Love may depict affection or forbearance towards a significant other. Tolerance bears loyalty. Charles Musgroves abiding sentiment to Marys self-pity exhibits devotion. Charles Musgrove devotes himself to his wife, Mary. Although he complains of her occasional lowness...[and] unreasonableness (Austen 44), he stays by her side through marriage. Anne contemplates that Charles should marry a more equal match [that] might...greatly improve him. Charles criticizes Mary for her interference (45) when managing the children, but he continues to love and honor her presence as his wife. He admits to Anne that he wishes Mary would not...always fancy herself ill; however, despite their occasional disagreements, the two pass for a happy couple (44). Austen illustrates Charles light-hearted nature and good spirits. He rarely appears distraught at his wifes self-afflictions because of his low self-confidence to contradict her. Mary consistently complains of a sick f eeling within her body, though it is obvious that she yearns for attention from others around her. His sense of commitment through her self-indulgent pity displays how the two souls...

Analysis of President Bush's Address to a Joint Session of Congress Speech or Presentation

Analysis of President Bush's Address to a Joint Session of Congress and the American People - Speech or Presentation Example Present during the speech are top government officials including departmental secretaries and different states legislative officials. The speech is a reaction to the 9/11 attack and a declaration of War against Alqaeda and the Taliban regime. The speech takes place on 20th September, 2001, only nine days after terrorists hijacked two American planes and crushed them on the twin towers. The speech is also serves to assurance the people of America that America is strong and cannot be shaken by its enemies (terrorists). Furthermore, the speech is aimed at reassuring Muslims across the globe that America is not against Islam but is against those who go against Allah’s commands by wrecking havoc on innocent people. In my view, the speech is held at an appropriate time and setting considering that the American people at the time were in grief having lost loved ones and property beyond value. The American people also needed an assurance that their government was in action and would t ake measures to avoid similar happenings as those of 9/11. The speech is said at an appropriate setting and the message delivered as weighty as it should have been. Speech Transcript President Bush Address to a Joint Session of Congress and the American People   On September the 11th, enemies of freedom committed an act of war against our country.  Ã‚  Americans have known wars -- but for the past 136 years, they have been wars on foreign soil, except for one Sunday in 1941.  Ã‚  Americans have known the casualties of war -- but not at the center of a great city on a peaceful morning.  Ã‚  Looking at the audience, hands still. Americans have known surprise attacks -- but never before on thousands of civilians.  Ã‚  All of this was brought upon us in a single day -- and night fell on a different world, a world where freedom itself is under attack. Hands shift and move gently Americans have many questions tonight.  Ã‚  Americans are asking:  Ã‚  Who attacked our country?   Ã‚  The evidence we have gathered all points to a collection of loosely affiliated terrorist organizations known as al Qaeda.  Ã‚  They are the same murderers indicted for bombing American embassies in Tanzania and Kenya, and responsible for bombing the USS Cole. Mood change anger, tonal variation, hands move, and use of gestures Al Qaeda is to terror what the mafia is to crime.  Ã‚  But its goal is not making money; its goal is remaking the world -- and imposing its radical beliefs on people everywhere. The terrorists practice a fringe form of Islamic extremism that has been rejected by Muslim scholars and the vast majority of Muslim clerics -- a fringe movement that perverts the peaceful teachings of Islam.  Ã‚  The terrorists' directive commands them to kill Christians and Jews, to kill all Americans, and make no distinction among military and civilians, including women and children. This group and its leader -- a person named Osama bin Laden -- are linked to many other organizations in different countries, including the Egyptian Islamic Jihad and the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan.  Ã‚  There are thousands of these terrorists in more than 60 countries.  Ã‚  They are recruited from their own nations and neighborhoods and brought to camps in places like Afghanistan, where they are trained in the tactics of terror.  Ã‚  They are sent back to their homes or sent to hide in countries around the world to plot evil and destruction. The leadership of al Qaeda has great influence in Afghanistan and supports the Taliban regime in

Children Training Techniques Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Children Training Techniques - Case Study Example The students themselves are also the primary stakeholders since they are the ones undergoing the exercise. 4. The possible health professionals that can be incorporated into this program are the dieticians. These people know the correct diet that can be consumed by the people so that they can lead a healthy lifestyle. They can advise the students on the type of food they can consume. Communication- in order to communicate effectively, the trainer should use simple language and he should also be a good listener to the children. He should also use non-verbal communication such as body language to communicate with the participants. The trainer should take note of the fact that some signs used for non verbal communication differ from place to place. The trainer should be careful with regards to use of hand signals and facial expressions. The trainer should make sure that every participant is wearing the correct type of attire required for a particular activity. He must also make sure that the training area is free from obstacles that can harm the participants. As a trainer, it is appropriate to model appropriate behaviour among the participants. This will make it easier for him to control them. This can also help to create mutual understanding among the people involved. A trainer should appeal to the interests of the children by asking them to give their ideas so as to implement new suggestions. The trainer should not do all the talking but should give a platform to the children who can also air their own views and suggestions. The children can be encouraged to accept value difference by telling them that people are different but they are also capable of doing something meaningful in their lives. This can be done in a different way. The trainer can encourage the children to think further than what they are told since this will not limit their ideas in doing something. If the children are given

Inclusion Programs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Inclusion Programs - Essay Example As the report declares co-teaching methods are under constant research. The effectiveness in its completeness can not yet be ascertained as far as this model is concerned. But many a benefit are found to surface by co-teaching process. Co-teaching is a model in which a team of teachers get themselves involved in the development of heterogeneous learners. The team normally does not accept mere inclusion of students with disabilities in a general classroom. The team members assess, evaluate, and locate the actual needs of individual students and act after planning to meet their needs. This paper stresses that inclusion programs for students with disabilities in regular class rooms do not give any tailor-made solutions. However, the inclusion of disabled students in regular classrooms are widely gaining support among all concerned. Several factors are to be taken into account in the philosophy of inclusion. Some are: Age-appropriate placement, Social integration, Curricular expectations, Staff development, Team collaboration and classroom management. While giving much weight to the smooth running of the class, the legal support available for a parent to get his/her kid continued in the regular class room must also have to be considered without causing any damage to the general education process. Appraisal of parents with the fact that individual needs of the students with disabilities are keenly observed and strived hard to meet them to the maximum possible extent would ease the situations in many cases.

Military Power of the Roman Army

Military Power of the Roman Army OCdt A. Lopez-Espinosa   One of the most iconic images of the Roman Empire is that of the Roman soldier; a visual representation of the Empires power and its willingness to exercise it. Curiously, the popular image of the Roman soldier is not entirely accurate, in that the idealized image that most hold is singular and constant in nature, yet the Roman army was anything but, undergoing many changes in equipment and composition throughout the reign of ancient Rome. In fact, few things remained the same as the years went on; save for the Roman armys tradition of discipline and order, the adoption of new tactics and organizational structures was a defining feature of the Roman military, and here lies the source of the Roman armys superiority.[1] The Roman armys power came from its adaptability, which allowed it to react to new challenges presented by opponents, and from its tradition of strict discipline, which resulted in better trained forces with increased tactical and strategic capabilities. The effects of these factors can be seen in the many campaigns in which Romes forces participated, with the Romans adapting their equipment, tactics, and formations, and adopting those of its enemies, along with their great discipline being important contributors to their success.[2] In Considerations on the Causes of the Greatness of the Romans and Their Decline, Montesquieu states that, the circumstance which contributed most to render the Romans masters of the world was, that having contended successively against all nations, they invariably renounced their own usages as soon as they found better (20), thus effectively identifying one of the Roman armys primary sources of power.[3] Unlike many of the armies of the time, the Romans had no qualms about changing their own practices in order to more effectively combat an enemy, or to even adopt those of other nations that they deemed to be effective. This made it so that the Roman army became not just more experienced with every encounter, but better in any number of practical ways, with changes to their own methods and adoption of enemy tactics and equipment. Ultimately, the Romans military might was so great because it was composed of the strengths of every nation they had defeated. This virtue of adaptability was seen in some of its earliest examples with Romulus adopting the Sabines buckler, which was larger and therefore provided more protection than the Argive buckler that he previously used.[4] While to the modern reader this may seem far from a revolutionary idea, it was at the time, and as such conceded an exceptional advantage to the Romans. As remarked by Montesquieu and translated in A Treatise on the S cience of War and Fortification, It is remarkable, that the nations vanquished by the Romans never inquired into the causes of their repeated defeats; but persevered in the use of their weapons and institutions to the last moment of their political existence (OConnor, 71).[5] Clearly, this doctrine of assimilation and adaptation was fairly unique for its time, and thereby allowed the Roman Legions to continuously evolve, with new tactics, equipment, and training. An even greater testament to the adaptability of the Romans was that they did not only assimilate or adapt to the innovations of the armies after having defeated them, but would do so throughout a campaign as well, learning from every defeat in order to ultimately take victory back. A good example of this was upon encountering the elephants of Pyrrhus, where the unfamiliar animals routed the Roman cavalry, their horses, before they got near the animals, were terrified and ran away with their riders (Plutarch, XVII.3), but the Romans allowed this to happen only once.[6] In response, they first supplied the weakness of their cavalry by taking away the bridles from the horses, [à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦] and afterwards by mixing velites with their cavalry proper (Montesquieu, 55).[7] The Romans strategy of adaptation and adoption showed clear results on the battlefield time and time again. In this way, many a campaign that seemed lost at first was ultimately reclaimed by them, careful to ascertain in what respects their enemy might possess some superiority over them; they immediately took action accordingly (Montesquieu, 54), and thereby turn the tides in their favour once more.[8] In short, a great factor in the Roman armys success was its doctrine of constant evolution: if someone was doing something better, do what they are doing. In this way, the Roman army continuously evolved into a force that had the best traits of all powers in the area; as summarized by Josephus: If any nation enjoyed any particular advantage [à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦] they at once availed themselves of the same. They did not neglect to provide themselves with Numidian horses, Cretan archers, Balearic slingmen, and Rhodian ships. In fine, no nation ever prepared for war with so much prudence, or carried it on with so much audacity (Montesquieu, 56).[9] The Romans exercised another great advantage over their contemporaries: discipline. Many of the armies of their time being composed of non-professional soldiers, and those that did have standing armies had them composed of barbarians and undisciplined troops. As such, it would often come about that the Romans claimed victory despite being grossly outnumbered, [Roman] troops always being the better disciplined, it was likely, even in the most unfortunate combats, that they would rally in part, or that the enemy would somewhere be thrown into disorder [and] although overborne in the beginning [à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦], they finally wrested victory from their hands (Montesquieu, 54).[10] This great discipline was of the utmost importance to the Roman armys success, and so it was instilled from the moment that a man would enlist. They began training at military schools, increasing physical strength, dexterity, and weapons handling, with the most famous of these being the Campus Martius in ancient Rome.[11] All of this contributed to the Roman soldier becoming the best version of himself, which in turn resulted in a greater esprit de corps and pride, and ultimately a greater willingness to fight. This transferred directly to the battlefield, where the Roman forces would rarely break formation despite being presented with an overwhelming enemy, and whose formations were therefore powerful and resilient enough to overcome these same enemies. The discipline that Roman soldiers exhibited came from two factors, one being the risk of punishment, and the other being Roman pride, with each being effective in their own right. The pride that Romans felt in their place in the military was an effective component in maintaining order amongst the troops by being preventative; a Roman soldier did not wish to forsake his duty because of his pride. This could be seen in the rarity of Roman desertions, which resulted from the fact that soldiers drawn from the bosom of a people so proud, so haughty, so confident of dominating other peoples, could little think so far undervaluing themselves as to cease to be Romans (Montesquieu, 53).[12] This pride went beyond retention and increased morale and combat effectiveness, as this pride allowed a Roman soldier to believe in himself and his brothers in arms all the more.[13] The other source of Roman military discipline stemmed from the threat of punishment for those who were lacking. This began from the earliest days of a soldiers career; when performance was unsatisfactory they were punished accordingly, and so it became that corporal punishment to enforce discipline was part of a soldiers way of life (Saller, 136).[14] Despite corporal punishment becoming the norm for these soldiers, there existed far more severe punishments that served as extreme deterrents for the most extreme cases of a soldiers misconduct, the most famous of these being the decimation of a unit. As described by Polybius: If the same thing ever happens to large bodies, and if entire maniples desert their posts when exceedingly hard pressed, the officers refrain from inflicting the bastinado or the death penalty on all, but find a solution of the difficulty which is both salutary and terror-striking. The tribune assembles the legion, and brings up those guilty of leaving the ranks, reproaches them sharply, and finally chooses by lots sometimes five, sometimes eight, sometimes twenty of the offenders, so adjusting the number thus chosen that they form as near as possible the tenth part of those guilty of cowardice. Those on whom the lot falls are bastinadoed mercilessly in the manner above described; the rest receive rations of barley instead of wheat and are ordered to encamp outside the camp on an unprotected spot. As therefore the danger and dread of drawing the fatal lot affects all equally, as it is uncertain on whom it will fall; and as the public disgrace of receiving barley rations falls on all alike, this practice is that best calculated to both inspire fear and to correct the mischief. (Polybius, 38)[15] This punishment is exemplary of the array of consequences that could befall a soldier who lacked discipline; if ones pride was not motivation enough, then these would be. Clearly, both methods of encouraging discipline amongst Roman troops were effective, and in turn this discipline was a powerful asset of the Roman army. The Roman armys unmatched discipline on the battlefield proved itself to be a source of strength and a great advantage time and time again. Especially against barbaric forces, even when outnumbered the Romans would hold, and the undisciplined enemy forces would be routed despite their numerical advantage, and they would thereby finally [wrest] victory from their hands (Montesquieu, 54).[16] The Roman Empires military might was what allowed it to expand and maintain its power and influence, and so the Empire was only as strong as its army. The Roman armys power came from their willingness to adapt and their strict doctrine of discipline, and this is further apparent in how the armies of subsequent eras were eager to adopt these same ideals, and when doing so became far more successful. References   Goldsworthy, Adrian. 2003. The Complete Roman Army. London: Thames and Hudson Ltd. Montesquieu, and Jehu Baker. 1882. Montesquieus Considerations on the Causes of the Grandeur and Decadence of the Romans. New York: D. Appleton and Company. OConnor, John M. 1817. A Treatise on the Science of War and Fortification. New York: J. Seymour. Plutarch. n.d. Life of Pyrrhus. Polybius. n.d. Book 6. Saller, Richard P. 1997. Patriarchy, Property and Death in the Roman Family. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. [1] Adrian Goldsworthy, The Complete Roman Army (London: Thames and Hudson Ltd., 2003). [2] Montesquieu and Jehu Baker, Montesquieus Considerations on the Causes of the Grandeur and Decadence of the Romans (New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1882), 54. [3] Ibid, 20. [4] Ibid, 20. [5] John OConnor, A Treatise on the Science of War and Fortification (New York: J. Seymour, 1817), 71. [6] Plutarch, Life of Pyrrhus (n.d.), XVII.3. [7] Montesquieu and Jehu Baker, Montesquieus Considerations on the Causes of the Grandeur and Decadence of the Romans (New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1882), 55. [8] Ibid, 54. [9] Ibid, 56. [10] Ibid, 54. [11] Ibid, 49-51. [12] Ibid, 53. [13] Ibid, 53-54. [14] Richard P. Saller, Patriarchy, Property and Death in the Roman Family (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997), 136. [15] Polybius, Book VI (n.d.), 38. [16] Montesquieu and Jehu Baker, Montesquieus Considerations on the Causes of the Grandeur and Decadence of the Romans (New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1882), 54.

Ihor’s Campaign Essay examples -- Epic Poem Poetry Essays

Ihor’s Campaign Slovo o polku Ihorevi, Ihoria syna Sviatoslavlia, vnuka Ol’hova, or The Tale of Ihor's Campaign, Ihor the Son of Sviatoslav, Grandson of Oleh is â€Å"an epic poem written in the 12th century by an anonymous author† who was most probably from Kyviv or Chernihiv (Hordynsky and Stech 2001). â€Å"From the tenor of the poem, it can be deduced that the author was a mature, experience man, perhaps serving in one of the princely retinues and was versed in the manners and customs of his day† (Kuzych 2000). The original was discovered in 1795 by Graf A. Musin-Pushkin in the archives of Yoil in the Transfiguration Monastery in Yaroslavl, Russia, and was published in Saint Petersburg in 1800 with the assistance of the paleographers A. Malinovsky and Mykola Bantysh-Kamensky (Hordynsky and Stech 2001). â€Å"The single preserved copy was apparently hidden after 1240 when the Mongol incursions into Ukraine began† (Kuzych 2000). The only original copy is claimed to have been burned in 1812 when Moscow was seized by Napoleon’s troops (Wikipedia 2005) and the lack of a genuine script â€Å"allowed a number of skeptical critics in the early 19th century to consider the work a falsification of a later date† but many scholars, â€Å"particulary Mykailo Maksymovych, demonstrated connections between the Slovo and Ukrainian folk poetry† (Hordynsky and Stech 2001). â€Å"The subject of the poem is the unsuccessful campaign mounted in the spring of 1185 Ihor Syviatoslavych of Novhorod-Siverskyi against the Cumans and its central theme is the fate of the territories of Rus’† (Hordynsky and Stech 2001). The lyrical poem combines historical subject matter with â€Å"dreams, laments, natures’ reaction to the hero's fate, monologues of princes, other motifs and ... ...ble platinum coin form the Millennium Commemorative Coin Set† portraying the author composing the poem while watching Ihor’s battle take place (Kuzych 2000). In 2000 Ukraine indirectly honored the epic poem by minting a â€Å"commemorative 5-hryvnia silver coin minted for: ‘The 900th Anniversary of the Novhorod-Siverskyi Principality’† and depicted a prince leading an army in front of the old Rus’ fortress (Kuzych 2000). Works Cited Hordynsky, S. and M. R. Stech (2001). Encyclopedia of Ukraine. http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?AddButton=pages\S\L\SlovoopolkuIhoreviIT.htm Kuzych, I. (2000). Commemorations of "The Tale of Ihor's Campaign.† The Ukrainian Weekly No. 40. http://www.ukrweekly.com/Archive/2000/400024.shtml Wikipedia: The Free Encylcopedia. The Tale of Igor’s Campaign. (2005). http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Tale_of_Igor's_Campaign

Freedom Is Our Birthright

In 1890’s many Indian leaders began to explore more radical objectives and methods of Nationalism. This was the Extremist phase of Indian Nationalism. The extremist leaders such as Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Bepin Chandra Pal and Lala Lajpat Rai criticized the Moderates for their politics of prayers and emphasized the importance of self-reliance and constructive work. They asked people to rely on their own strength and fight for Swaraj. Viceroy Curzon partitioned Bengal in 1905 for administrative convenience. But whose convenience? Surely the convenience of the British related to the interest of British officials and businessmen. Perhaps the main motive behind partitioning Bengal was to curtail the influence of Bengali politicians and to split Bengali people. This partition infuriated people all over India and everyone opposed it. Public meetings and demonstrations were held. The struggle that unfolded came to be known as the Swadeshi movement. This movement opposed British rule and encouraged the ideas of self-help, swadeshi enterprise national education and use of Indian languages. ALL INDIA MUSLIM LEAGUE: The All India Muslim League was formed at Dacca in 1906 by a group of Muslim landlords and nawabs. The League supported the partition of Bengal and desired separate electorates for Muslims. In the year 1916, the Muslim League united with Congress and signed a pact known as the Lucknow Pact and decided to work together for representative government in the government. ADVENT OF MAHATMA GANDHI: Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was born at Porbandar, Gujarat in the year 1869. He was an advocate by profession and practiced law at South Africa. He returned to India in 1915 and emerged as a mass leader. He was a respectable leader as he led Indians in South Africa in non-violent marches against racist restrictions. After his return to India he spent his first year travelling throughout the country, understanding the people, their needs and the overall situation. In 1919, Mahatma Gandhi gave a call for satyagraha against the Rowlatt Act( an Act which curbed the freedom of expression of the Indian people and strengthened police powers). He asked the Indian people to observe 6th April 1919 as a day of non-violent opposition to this Act, as a day of humiliation and prayer and strike. The Rowlatt Satyagraha turned out to be the first all-India struggle against the British government.

The Adventures if Sherlock Holmes Essay Example

The Adventures if Sherlock Holmes Essay Example The Adventures if Sherlock Holmes Essay The Adventures if Sherlock Holmes Essay The language used by Conan Doyle is quite specific. He uses a lot of similes to describe his villains such as his description of Dr Roylott gave him the resemblance to a fierce old bird of prey on page 185. How he describes all of the villains in The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes are very detailed and, I think, quite similar because for all of them he describes their clothes as much as their physical appearances. The language used is for the purpose of really getting the villains character across to the audience, to make them understand why the people in the book fear them or respect them. This is to make it so that when it comes to the end of the story with Holmess conclusion the audience arent confused as to how he got from one point to another. The physical appearances of the characters are very different as they vary from a scary old doctor to a young assistant. The appearances of the villains arent really stereotypes but do all contain a certain typical aspect of a villain. Dr Roylott in particular seems very sinister just because of how he is described, as marked with every evil passion on page 185. The way they behave is very different in each story, they are all very different characters but all have reasons to make you doubt them. Vincent Spaulding for instance is an obliging youth (page 33) and seems too good to be true and not overly suspicious; Colonel Lysander Stark and his insistence in not telling anyone anything and Dr Roylott who seems to be a bully and a bit strange and menacing. The language the villains use suit them perfectly, for example, Colonel Lysander Stark is a very suspicious person who has something of a German accent (page 206). The fact that he is from a different country just, in the readers eyes, makes him even more suspicious, whereas Vincent Spaulding is a very clever and obliging person who doesnt say very much but when he does speak, he is quite polite which draws attention away from him. Their personalities show us that, in their own different ways, they shouldnt be trusted, as they are all suspicious, even if it is only very slightly like in Vincent Spauldings case. The only suspicious thing he does is Then diving down into the cellar like a rabbit on page 33. Colonel Lysander Stark is very suspicious because he is very insistent on keeping everything a secret as he keeps telling Victor Hatherly on page 207 absolute secrecy is quite essential absolute secrecy All these stories and the villains in them are typical of the detective genre because they both keep the reader guessing until almost the very end at which time it keeps you guessing at how Holmes figured everything out. Another thing that keeps the reader interested is that they arent easy to figure out because of all the clues and all of the red herrings. There are a lot of these false leads in the stories such as in The Red Headed League the red herring is that the Red Headed League doesnt exist. Although they are typical of the detective genre, the stories and characters are still very different from each other which helps to hide the suspect when it comes to reading one story after another so that it is a surprise to find out who did it every time. The thing that is most typical of this genre is that nearly all of the characters in these stories, have a sidekick or and accomplice. The way the villains are described is designed to make the audience feel scared or fearful of the character as if they are an actual person you are meeting, not just a character out of a book. For instance the fact that one of the characters is foreign, makes the audience immediately feel wary and suspicious and they immediately mistrust him, which is how they are meant to feel towards that character. Some of the developments on the characters are there to trick the audience into believing something, for example, the audience are lead to believe that Vincent Spaulding is a smart assistant (page 33) whereas he is really called John Clay and is a murderer, thief, smasher and forger (Page 48). I think that Conan Doyles style of writing is very effective, as his stories were popular when they were first released and still are today. His style of writing is very clever in the way he has described his villains and how he has made the plot unfold. This style of writing is particularly good because he has written it from a different perspective, so that the reader wont work things out with Holmes like in most detective books. He has made his villains unfold very well, especially, I think, with Vincent Spaulding as he was the hardest to work out as he seemed to be a very quiet and helpful person, but this is all unravelled by Holmes in the end. I think using a different narrator to the main character was effective because the reader is looking at this through Dr Watsons eyes, the mystery remains right up until the very end at which point everything is explained to us. Not looking at things through Holmess eyes also makes it so that the audience also falls for all the red herrings Conan Doyle liberally places throughout his stories. This makes the story more exciting as the reader can keep guessing at who did it and it wont be spoilt by the narrator keep saying whats going to happen next. I think that if any of the stories were too long they would be less interesting and wouldnt hold the readers attention for very long. As the stories are short they constantly have something new or exciting happening because all the clues and things dont have to be drawn out to last longer. There is a lot of tension in these stories that is only supposed to last a little while as the story comes to an end and the reader finds out how Holmes figured it out. I think that if the stories were much longer than they are now then the tension wouldnt really be noticed and after a while which would make the end a lot less spectacular. By the end of the stories the villains are always found out and they are usually caught. I think that the moral of the story is that the villains in the stories always get their comeuppance. For example, in The Engineers Thumb Colonel Lysander Stark gets away, but the person hes working with looses his house and they have to move to a different country where no-one will recognise them. Also in The Speckled Band Dr Roylott kills someone with a swamp adder which then turns on him and he died within ten seconds of being bitten. This shows that criminals never get away with it and the heros of the story always find them out. I think that Victorians enjoyed Conan Doyles detective stories so much because, I imagine, it made them feel safer as in those times there were people like Jack the Ripper on the loose and the fact that the criminals were, more often than not, caught in these stories, it helped Victorians believe that there was justice after all, because, lets face it, the police werent very good at their jobs and so couldnt give people the security they needed. The fact that the crimes in these books were common ones only made them even better as it showed that there are ways of solving crimes. I think that these were also fairly popular because there couldnt have been very many detective stories around at that time.

Le rossignol essays

Le rossignol essays Le Rossignol est un lai de Marie de France qui setait traduire en vers romans de huit syllables entre les annee 1160 et 1180. Dans Le Rossignol, Marie de France examine lamour courtois et lamour de la court qui observe des regles. Un exemple de ses regles sappele **Traite de lamour courtois** de Andre Le Chapelain qui nous avons deja lu en classe. Marie de France a ecrit ce lai en troisieme personne. Donc, mous pouvons avoir une comprehension dans lensemble de lhistoire, comme le but, les images et le ton; mais, nous navons pas une complete comprehension des points de vue personnels des lepoux, la femme, et le voisin (lautre homme). Dans **Le Rossignol** par Marie de France, il y a un but evident, a mon avis. Cest clair que dans ce lai la femme dans le mariage na pas de pouvoir. Elle est marie avec un homme, mais est amoureuse dun autre homme. Cet amour ne sexprime pas a cause de lepoux. Cest une chose enervante, cest vrai. Et quand lepoux est tue le rossignol il est tue lamour entre la femme et lautre homme. Cest triste. Mais, pour un instant je veux explorer le point de vue de lepoux. Imaginez que vous etes lepoux dans ce lai. Vous etes marier avec une dame et vous avez lespoir dune vie contente et facile. Vous connaissez les regles de lamour et vous avez confiance en lavenir. Malheureusement, votre epouse fait des choses que vous naimez pas. Toutes les nuits elle va a la fenetre et elle ne reste pas avec vous. Enfin, vous tuez lexcuse quelle vous donne-le rossignol. Il y a des gens en ma classe qui pensent que lepoux etait mechant. Moi, je plainds lepoux. Il est la victim de lamour entre la femme et le voisin. Il ne fait rien a lautre homme ou sa femme directement quand il decouvre la verite...

REAL ESTATE URBAN PLANNING PRACTICES IN EUROPE + GEOGRAPHY Essay

REAL ESTATE URBAN PLANNING PRACTICES IN EUROPE + GEOGRAPHY - Essay Example Therefore, economic efficiency entails producing the right (allocative) amount in the proper manner (productive efficiency). Distributional-justice means the distribution of impacts between known societal cohorts such as the rich or the poor, those owning cars and those without. It focuses on the minimization of the segregation or discrimination of each group based on classes in order to ascertain equity (McIntosh, 2004). In this essay, the researcher seeks to investigate and uncover the reasons behind the contradiction between the conventional economic efficiency frameworks in Europe by argument for and against the proportion that in Europe, economic efficiency calls for expansion of large shopping centres, usually out-of-town, while environmental and distributional-justice considerations often indicate that retailing should remain within the urban area / town centre. Europe’s economic efficiency calls for expansion of large shopping centres, usually out-of-town. Urban planning policy makers in Europe have shifted their attention to advice owners of large shopping centers to diversify off-cities. The urban planners advocate for such a strategy in order to ensure resource efficiency based on the utilization of the limited resources in a more sustainable manner. Such a strategy points towards the EU’s vision pushing for the economic growth while respecting scarcity of resources and planetary boundaries. The proponents of such strategies hold that economic efficiency is only achievable through ensuring both allocative and productive efficiency. Millions of Companies and consumers need to transform their production and consumption frameworks. Such transformation are feasible through a harmonious interactions of policy, investment, financing and innovation. The EU†s 2020 growth strategy projects a smart, sustainable and inclusive economy. A Roadmap to a resource-efficient Europe is the blueprint (Committee on spatial development,

Contemporary Issues in Business and Management Essay

Contemporary Issues in Business and Management - Essay Example The external business environment includes demographic, social, cultural, political, legal, economical, technological, and environmental factors. The environment in which an organization operates, significantly impacts every aspects of the business. The business strategy, marketing strategy as well as the operational strategy of a company is highly dependent on its external business environment. In addition, the internal functions of the business are also impacted to a large extent (Lamb, Hair and McDaniel, 2010). In the same way, corporate culture is also a crucial factor for a business to operate efficiently in the market place. According to Daft (2009), corporate culture acts as the most important mechanism for attracting, retaining and motivating the talent. In the similar manner, different scholars have laid emphasis to the fact that a company’s value is dependent upon the way people are treated in an organization (Daft and Marcic, 2010). In this study, we will try to unc over the importance of business environment and corporate culture in an organization. The company chosen for conducting the study is Nokia and according to the report Nokia is currently dealing with issues pertaining to external business environment and corporate culture. This study will also underpin how the company is dealing with these prevailing situations. Now getting further deep into the study, a brief overview of Nokia is presented below. Nokia: A Brief Overview Nokia is a Finland based multinational company that operates in the field of information and communication technology. The company was founded in the year 1865 and is presently headquartered at Keilaniemi, Espoo, Finland. The founders of the company were Leo Mechelin and Fredrik Idestam. From the date of its incorporation, the company has always tried to offer customers with high product value (Bontje Musterd and Pelzer, 2011). In addition, the company also aims to connect the whole world with their technology offeri ngs. Such intentions also reflect in their tagline which states â€Å"connecting people†. The principal products of the company are portable IT devices and mobile telephones. Apart from that, Nokia also sells different type of games, application, media, music, and messaging platform through the company’s OVI platform. Similarly digital map and navigator services are also provided without any cost through Navteq, which is a wholly owned subsidiary of Nokia. The company is divided into three divisions namely mobile phones, mobile solutions, and markets. The mobile solutions division is responsible for overseeing Nokia’s portfolio of mobile computers and Smartphone, whereas the mobile phone division is responsible for administering the product portfolio of mobile phone. The market division looks after the supply chain and distribution activities (Yahoo Finance, 2012). The company has also entered into various strategic alliances which helps them to cater to diversi fied customer base and large geographical locations. Vertu, Navteq and Nokia Siemens networks are some of the strategic alliances of the company (Plunkett, 2009). Some of the major competitors of the company are Samsung, Apple, HTC, Motorola and the local players of the market (where Nokia is having its operations). Until 31 December, 2011, the company had an employee strength of 130, 050. As of financial year 2011, the company

Developing Professional Practice and Using Information in HR Research Paper

Developing Professional Practice and Using Information in HR - Research Paper Example As the paper outlines, in-house and on-the-job learning approaches are the two most effectual development approaches as compared to that of the external development such as educational background, workshops and various other practices which include visual and audio practices that have not made such impact. The previous survey carried out in 2011 regarding e-learning reports that the use of the approach is increasing in a few specific departments of training and development (CIPD, 2012)  A survey done among the employees regarding the effective learning and development approach in the organization provides a report that coaching and mentoring as well as performance management is the most preferred approaches to organizational change.  The organizations are making decisions more cautiously towards developing elements such as learning and development, organizational development and performance management to ensure organizational success. The utilization of the e-learning approach am ong the employees of public sectors was more than that of the other learning and development approaches management approach attracts the highly productive employees the most in the private sector. The public sector does not include the middle managers to put them in this approach. The objectives of the talent management are to develop an efficient workforce and to develop as well as educate them to be the future managers and leaders in the organizations. Talent management is considered effective by very few organizations.  Around 50% of organizations consider talent management as reasonably effective.

Poor Conditions At Military Hospitals Essay Example for Free

Poor Conditions At Military Hospitals Essay Soldiers are the real heroes of each country. They fought for the country and for there fellowmen. For the past years, soldiers have been able to provide the assistance that the people need and provided help through the years. The military and army helped in acquiring peace and prosperity amongst all. However, some were not given benefits that will help soldiers and those who are in militaries. One of the assistance that these heroes need is medical assistance. Soldiers in the same way that they help people should also have assistance especially on medical aspects. As they help other people, they are also in need of help.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The government promotes various programs or medical programs. There are medical assistance, housing or free service on hospitals and any other establishments. In United States, there are many government hospitals for soldiers, for there families and for those who have retired from the service. These hospitals provide help for the soldiers of our present and for the soldiers of the past. Such services are for healthcare and other forms of medical assistance. These hospitals provide whatever their patients need however; there are scarcity in providing good facilities and good services.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   One of the military hospitals in the US is the Walter Reed Army Hospital or the Walter Reed Army Medical Center. According to their mission â€Å"they provide care to past, present, and future warriors and to all those entrusted to their care† however the WRAMC is in trouble now because of some scandals brought about by the soldiers who were neglected by the hospital and were disappointed by the service of the said services. According to an article by Dana Priest and Anne Hull of Washington Post Staff Writers, one of the soldiers who were evacuated to WRAMC from Iraq was neglected by the service of the hospital. As described in the article, â€Å"some part of the Room’s wall was torn and weighted down with black mole, the entire building smells like greasy carry-out, mouse and cockroaches are around, and cheap and stained carpets are also present.† These factors mentioned are the problems that a wounded army encountered during his stay in the hospital that supposed to help him recover from his wounds and provide good service from the hospital. The government promised to do some actions for the cases but still the victims are not yet satisfied from all the promises.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The WRAMC should provide what the patients need. In the same way that the government should support to help for the rehabilitation of the hospital and to also, provide the necessary facilities as to improve their service for the betterment and benefit of the soldiers. The people who are responsible for all these things should settle these issues and action should be done. The soldiers deserve to be treated well after risking their lives in wars and they deserve assistance coming from the government and from the local people who are in charge of them. They have done their jobs in sacrificing their own lives for the sake of their fellowmen and after the injuries that they got from the battle, they deserve to be treated well in a place where they can recover easily and rest as to manage to get back in shape for work.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Such problems like this should have appropriate solution because it is frustrating to see helpless soldiers are wounded and neglected by the people who are responsible for them. There are many problems that the country is facing but there should also be ample time to settle the problems such like the assistance that the soldiers needed. In this way, there will be a harmonious relationship between the soldiers and to the administration of the hospital and to the government as well. Works Cited Priest, Dana., Hull, Anne. â€Å"Soldiers Face Neglect Frustration at Armys Top Medical Facility.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Washingtonpost.com. 18 February 2007. The Washington Post. 12 December 2007   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://www.washingtonpost.com. â€Å"Army fires commander of Walter Reed hospital.† 1 March 2007. 12 December 2007   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://www.cnn.com/2007/. â€Å"Walter Reed Army Medical Center.† 13 September 2006. National Institutes of Health. 12 December 2007 http://www.nlm.nih.gov/.

Parallel Between Romeo and Juliette and Shakespeare in Love :: Free Romeo and Juliet Essays

During the part of Shakespeare’s life portrayed in Shakespeare in Love, he is writing the play Romeo an Juliet. He based his play on the things that happened to him during that time and therefore there are many comparable between the two films. Shakespeare had fallen in love with Viola, a royalty, but the fact that he was already married and very poor prevented him from marrying the rich Viola. Romeo was a Montaque and Juliet a Capulet. Because of the feud between the two families, Romeo and Juliet were not able to marry as well. Furthermore Viola’s father signed a sealed contract with Lord Wessex, promising Viola to him as wife so that they could have titled offspring. In Romeo and Juliet, Juliet’s father had also signed a contract with Paris and Juliet had to marry him. Lord Wessex had threatened to kill Shakespeare and, protecting himself, Shakespeare said his name was Christopher Marlow, his friend. Later on Marlow was killed and Shakespeare felt responsible. In Romeo and Juliet Romeo’s best friend, Mercutio is killed because he defended Romeo’s name. Shakespeare and Viola only made eye contact once during a play and later, when she was disguised as a boy, she played the leading role in his play and he was attracted to her, but he did not know it was her until much later. Romeo and Juliet fell in love at a mask-ball, therefore also unaware of each other’s identities at the time. Only later they discovered that they were from different families. In both films the nurse of Juliet and Viola respectively, served as go-betweens and knew everything about the secret relationships. Viola’s nurse stood watch at the door when Viola and Shakespeare were making love, Juliet’s nurse stood guard at the door when Romeo and Juliet were married in secret. In the beginning of the film Shakespeare is in a state because he needed a muse to be able to write and was involved with a Rosalyn, thinking she might help him restore his ability to write.

Organizational Plans Essay

Many organizations design and implement plans that are put into action to ensure that each department of a company is running as efficiently and as effectively as possible. There are three main plans that organizations use to assist managers with the tasks of achieving their goals; strategic planning, tactical planning, and operational planning. Strategic planning is the broad overview of goals and strategies made by top-level management, which are set for the long-term future. Tactical planning is taking these long-term goals and breaking them down into more specific and direct objectives. â€Å"Operational planning identifies the specific procedures and processes required at lower levels of the organization.† (Bateman & Snell, 2011). All three of these planning procedures are crucial in the success of an organized and successful company. In addition, a business might want to set up a contingency plan. A contingency plan will come into action if any of the prior plans should fail. If we take a look at Subaru of America, we can see that their structure depends on these three organizational plans. This vast of an organization needs as much planning as possible because there is such a variety of departments and management alike, there need to be plans set in place so that the company can operate as one complete unit. Using the strategic plan, Subaru of America is able to let its top-level managers make decisions for future business. Using the tactical plan, the strategic plan is broke down between departments and has specific goals and deadlines. These goals are then passed onto floor managers who in turn put the goals and strategies into action. These goals can either be â€Å"single-use,† or on going day-to-day tasks. References Bateman, T. S., & Snell, S. A. (2011). Management: Leading & collaborating in a competitive world (9th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Irwin

Carbon Dioxide and Meat-free Meal Essay

Good night ladies and gentlemen.. To begin, let me sing you guys a song. â€Å"Save my world, save my world. Save my world, save my world.† I am very sure this song is not foreign to all of you. From all your faces, I know that you guys would be thinking â€Å"OMG! This song again?! She is going to talk about the environment-related topics. Definitely something about reduce travelling by cars, reuse the plastic bags or recycle the paper and glass etc.† Well, my speech is about protecting the environment but from an angle that you didn’t realize it. Have you wondered how many animals died every year? Nope. I am not talking about how many animals died because of global warming, I am talking about how many animals died because you ate them. No idea? Was it because you have never thought about it before? 60 billions of animals died every year to fill our stomach, more than 6 million animals died every hour. These figures did not include sea animals because they are measured in pounds. Imagine how many animals died as I am making this speech here. Human beings are not the only living things on earth, save these animals! Imagine how much resources are needed to produce these animals. GO GREEN, EAT VEGGIE! Eating less meat would help to save the environment through three factors, water, land and air. First, let us look at the factor: water. We used about 9000 litres of water everyday. Only five percent of them run through toilets, taps, and garden hoses at home. The other 95 percent is hidden in the food we eat, products we buy, and services we rely on. Producing 1 pound of beef needs 2,500 gallons of water which means that producing half KG of beef needs more than 10,000 litre of water. Comparing with potato, it only requires 100 litres of water for half KG of potato. You may think that there are other ways of conserving water such as washing cars less often, bath less, or using low-flow toilets. But these methods are not as effective as eating less meat. We can help to save the environment by eating a meat-free meal once a week. And after one year, you can save more than 380,000 litres of water. Isn’t that amazing? Remember GO GREEN! EAT VEGGIE! Next, let us move on to the factor: land. Millions of acres of land are used to feed the animals which is equivalent to the size of 5 Singapore. Imagine the size of 5 Singapore is used to feed the animals. And many of these land used were once rainforest. We all know that clearing rainforest brought about countless negative impact to our environment such as soil erosion, lost of diversity. By choosing a meat-free meal once each week, you could save nearly 8,000 square feet of open space from being converted to farmland. GO GREEN! EAT VEGGIE! Lastly, it is the factor: air. As I have mentioned earlier, rainforest are cleared to provide the animals with space and food. This causes more carbon dioxide to be released into the atmosphere. And also, all living things breathe and â€Å"F-A-R-T†. Livestock release carbon dioxide when breathing and also methane when â€Å"F-A-R-T†. These gases are all greenhouse gases which would harm the environment. A single cow can produce 500 litres of methane a day. Imagine how much cows are there in a farm and how many days do they need to be old enough to be eaten? How much methane would be released? And again GO GREEN! EAT VEGGIE! I am not asking you guys to become a vegetarian but I am asking you guys to reduce the amount of meat in your meal. Having a meat-free meal once a week, I believe it is not too much to ask. Never underestimate the power of individual. Imagine if I collect 10 cent from each of you, a single 10 cent coin is almost worthless but if I collect 10 cent from 20 people, I would be able to afford a meal in school. Imagine if we eat a meal without meat once a week, there are billions of people in the world. How many animals do we save? GO GREEN! EAT VEGGIE! â€Å"Save my world, save my world. Save my world, save my world today!† Thank you!

Building an Insights Engine Essays - Economy, Business, Big Data

Building an Insights Engine Essays - Economy, Business, Big Data Building an Insights Engine In this article, it introduces the characteristics of the most successful company and what makes them win other competitors. The company not only need to have leaner manufacturing, made higher-quality products, or had superior distribution, but also they need to truly and deeply understand their customers' needs and fulfilling them better than their competitors with the support of useful marketing data. The idea of "Insights Engine" is the ability that it turns a huge amount of data which have little value in and of itself into useful insights about consumers' motivations and transform them into organizational strategy and hence it can significantly become a competitive advantages of the organization and separates the winners from the losers. The "Insights Engine" can be a set of structures, people, and processes that make the transformation successful. Thanks to the i2020 research and the experience at Unilever, the article summarizes and describe 10 characteristics of supe rior insights engines that help high-performing organizations to achieve the aim of customer centricity. And it can be further divide into two different main groups which is operational characteristics, like functional independence and experimental orientation, and people characteristics, like business acumen and well-balanced analytic and creative thinking styles. For operational characteristics, it included seven major characteristics that influence the operations of insights engines and it is important for a superior insights and analytics group.The first characteristics is data synthesis. The advantages of larger company against the small one is because they can have the capability to do a larger scale of market research so that it can generate many data as well as finding out the important information from it so as to link up the disparate data sources. It is very common for high-performing organizations across the industries to use the data in this way. The author used the examples of i2020 research and the CMI of Unilever to further support the mentioned points that synthesizing data is one of the major factors. The second characteristics is independence which means it need to have independent from other functions and outside marketing and it is required to report frequently to the CEO, the chief strategy officer, or the chief exper ience officer. For instance, according to the i2020 research, the insights leaders in over-performing organizations report to upper management levels more than two times as often as their counterparts in underperforming organizations do. The author further strengthens the argument by using the example of Unilever as the world's second-largest media spender which will do the same practice as the i2020 research found out and it shows the similar result again. The integrated planning which is integrally involved in business planning. The business- and brand-planning cycle is the key driving force behind strategy development and execution and it is critical for the company to win the market competition. The arrangement of resources and budgets and also the company overall performance is important and need to be monitored in order to achieve the company goals. Moreover, the experimentation is also a key point and it is about the willingness to experiment with new technologies and program s as the i2020 research shows that over-performing companies which have a culture of experimentation are three times better than the underperformers. Also, the forward-looking orientation means future oriented. It is the ability of company to predict the future and better prepare for the situation in the future. The last one is the affinity for action which is the company is active in strategic decision making and it make them focus on the insights functions on strategy but not only on data. For people characteristics, there are three primary traits for people who are part of the insights engine The first trait is whole-brain mindset and we need to think creatively as well as analytically because in the past employees of insights organizations focused on analytics which is focus on left-brain orientation. But now we should adopt whole-brain mindset and start to think holistically, exercising creative and use the right-brain skills as well. Thus, it is important for high-performing organizations to have left-brain and right-brain tasks and approaches as the research revealed that over-performers are more likely to use whole-brain mindset. The second trait is business

An Overview of Municipal Waste and Landfills

An Overview of Municipal Waste and Landfills Municipal waste, commonly known as trash or garbage, is a combination of all of a citys solid and semisolid waste. It includes mainly household or domestic waste, but it can also contain commercial and industrial waste with the exception of industrial hazardous waste (waste from industrial practices that causes a threat to human or environmental health). Industrial hazardous waste is excluded from municipal waste because it is typically dealt with separately based on environmental regulations. Five Categories of Municipal Waste The second category of municipal waste is recyclable materials. Paper is also included in this category but non-biodegradable items like glass, plastic bottles, other plastics, metals and aluminum cans fall into this section as well. Inert waste is the third category of municipal waste. For reference, when discussed with municipal waste, inert materials are those that are not necessarily toxic to all species but can be harmful or toxic to humans. Therefore, construction and demolition waste is often categorized as inert waste. Composite waste is the fourth category of municipal waste and includes items that are composed of more than one material. For example, clothing and plastics such as childrens toys are composite waste. Household hazardous waste is the final category of municipal waste. This includes medicines, paint, batteries, light bulbs, fertilizer and pesticide containers and e-waste like old computers, printers, and cellular phones. Household hazardous waste cannot be recycled or disposed of with other waste categories so many cities offer residents other options for hazardous waste disposal. Municipal Waste Disposal and Landfills Today, landfills are engineered to protect the environment and prevent pollutants from entering the soil and possibly polluting ground water in one of two ways. The first of these is with the use of a clay liner to block pollutants from leaving the landfill. These are called sanitary landfills while the second type is called a municipal solid waste landfill. These types of landfills use synthetic liners like plastic to separate the landfills trash from the land below it. Once trash is put into these landfills, it is compacted until the areas is full, at which time the trash is buried. This is done to prevent the trash from contacting the environment but also to keep it dry and out of contact with air so it will not quickly decompose. About 55% of the waste generated in the United States goes to landfills while around 90% of waste created in the United Kingdom is disposed in this manner. In addition to landfills, waste can also be disposed using waste combustors. This involves the burning of municipal waste at extremely high temperatures to reduce waste volume, control bacteria, and sometimes generate electricity. Air pollution from the combustion is sometimes a concern with this type of waste disposal but governments have regulations to reduce pollution. Scrubbers (devices that spray liquids on smoke to reduce pollution) and filters (screens to remove ash and pollutant particles) are commonly used today. Finally, transfer stations are the third type of municipal waste disposal currently in use. These are facilities that where municipal waste is unloaded and sorted to remove recyclables and hazardous materials. The remaining waste is then reloaded onto trucks and taken to landfills while the waste that can be recycled for example, is sent to recycling centers. Municipal Waste Reduction Composting is another way cities can promote municipal waste reduction. This type of waste is comprised solely of biodegradable organic waste like food scraps and yard trimmings. Composting is generally done on the individual level and involves the combination of organic waste with microorganisms like bacteria and fungi that break down the waste and create compost. This can then be recycled and used as a natural and chemical free fertilizer for personal plants. Along with recycling programs and composting, municipal waste can be reduced via source reduction. This involves the reduction of waste through the alteration of manufacturing practices to reduce the creation excess materials which get turned into waste. The Future of Municipal Waste To further reduce waste, some cities are currently promoting policies of zero waste. Zero waste itself means reduced waste generation and the 100% diversion of the remainder of waste from landfills to productive uses via materials reuse, recycling, repair and composting. Zero waste products should also have minimal negative environmental impacts over their lifecycles.